Wafer: Omi and Wide Application of Semiconductor Core Materials

Did you know that the various smart devices we rely on in our daily lives are inseparable from a mysterious and important material-the wafer? It is not only the heart of modern technology, but also carries the great potential of human wisdom.

Starting from an ordinary sand grain, after a complicated process of purification, drawing a single crystal rod and then cutting it into pieces, pieces of shining silicon-based substrates are born. This change seems simple but contains numerous scientific principles and technology crystallization. It is this "magic" that makes tiny crystals a key element in building the cornerstone of the entire information age.

In the chip manufacturing process, the wafer is like a huge canvas on which circuit patterns composed of billions of transistors are drawn. Each small area will be accurately processed and given specific functions, so as to realize the ability to perform tasks such as data storage and calculation. This precision operation not only tests the skill level of engineers, but also requires highly stable production equipment to achieve the desired results.

However, not all wafers meet the same standards. High-quality wafers must have a very low defect rate and a smooth, flat surface. Only products that meet these stringent conditions can smoothly enter the subsequent processing process, thus ensuring that the final output integrated circuit has the characteristics of high efficiency and reliability. Therefore, it can be said that there is no successful work without good raw materials.

As society's demand for higher computing speeds and lower energy consumption continues to increase, wafer technology is also playing an irreplaceable role in continuous evolution. For example, the artificial intelligence accelerator, which is widely used in smart phones, benefits from the efficiency improvement brought about by advanced node technology. In the field of self-driving cars, a series of complex actions such as real-time perception of the surrounding environment and decision-making response are relied on by high-performance processors to ensure driving safety and comfort.

Looking at the global market pattern, at present, the main supplier countries are concentrated in a few developed countries, but in recent years, due to the fluctuation of the international situation and the promotion of localization strategy, other countries and regions have also begun to gradually increase investment in an attempt to seize the share. At the same time, it is worth noting that in response to the green environmental protection initiative, many enterprises are actively exploring new production schemes for energy conservation and emission reduction to reduce the scale effect of carbon footprint.

Although my country has made phased progress in completing research and development work independently in some subdivided areas, there are still many shortcomings that need to be improved. For example, the lack of core technology control of high-end lithography machines and other problems restricting the pace of industry development to accelerate the process of blocking the situation is more prominent. For this reason, the government has issued a series of supporting policies to encourage the combination of industry, university and research to overcome difficulties and strive to realize the vision of the full localization process as soon as possible.

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